Elderberry

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra)

Common Names: Elderberry, European elder, Black elder

Traditional Uses:

Elderberry has a long history in herbal medicine, especially for its use in treating colds, flu, and respiratory infections. The berries and flowers of the elder tree have been used to support the immune system, reduce inflammation, and treat viral illnesses.

Active Compounds:

  • Anthocyanins: Powerful antioxidants found in the deep purple-black elderberries.
  • Flavonoids: Such as quercetin, which contribute to anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting effects.
  • Sambucus Nigra Lectins (SNLs): These proteins have antiviral activity by preventing viruses from entering host cells.

Antiviral Benefits:

Elderberry is most renowned for its ability to combat viral infections, especially the flu and common cold. Key antiviral actions include:

Inhibition of Viral Replication:

Elderberry extract has been shown to bind to the spikes on the surface of the influenza virus, preventing the virus from entering healthy cells, thus slowing replication.

Immune System Support:

Elderberry enhances immune response by increasing the production of cytokines and stimulating the activity of immune cells like macrophages, T-cells, and natural killer cells.

Reduction in Symptoms:

Studies suggest that elderberry can reduce the severity and duration of flu symptoms, such as fever, cough, sore throat, and body aches. It may also reduce the risk of complications associated with viral infections.

 

Evidence and Research:

  • A study published in The Journal of International Medical Research found that elderberry extract significantly reduced flu symptoms and shortened the duration of illness when taken within the first 48 hours of symptom onset.
  • A meta-analysis of clinical trials confirmed that elderberry is effective in reducing flu symptoms, with results comparable to antiviral medications.

Dosage:

  • Standardized Elderberry Syrup: 1-2 teaspoons (5-10 mL) 2-3 times daily for adults.
  • Capsules or Tablets: 300-500 mg of elderberry extract, 2-3 times daily.